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Forte, T. (2018, April 28). A pattern recognition theory of mind. Forte Labs. https://fortelabs.com/blog/a-pattern-recognition-theory-of-mind/
How are dopaminergic circuits established? (2023, October 6). Harvard Brain Science Initiative. https://brain.harvard.edu/hbi_news/how-are-dopaminergic-circuits-established/https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/dopamine-fasting-misunderstanding-science-spawns-a-maladaptive-fad-2020022618917
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Waters, J. (2021, August 22). Constant craving: how digital media turned us all into dopamine addicts. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/global/2021/aug/22/how-digital-media-turned-us-all-into-dopamine-addicts-and-what-we-can-do-to-break-the-cycle
Watson, S. (2024, April 18) Dopamine: The pathway to pleasure. Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/dopamine-the-pathway-to-pleasure
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Wikipedia contributors. Pareidolia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pareidolia&oldid=1286194840
IA levelset
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Geiger, A. (2023, August 3). Almost 1 in 5 stay-at-home parents in the U.S. are dads. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/08/03/almost-1-in-5-stay-at-home-parents-in-the-us-are-dads/
nodes
Holmes, K. (2020). Mismatch. MIT Press.
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Data Is Beautiful. (2019, October 21). Most Popular Music Styles 1910 - 2019. https://youtu.be/eP88FUL7d_8?si=PE5DHrdfnsrlulmM
Herzog, K. (2014, March 17). 24 inventions that changed music. Rolling Stone. https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/24-inventions-that-changed-music-16471/headphones-1910-222233/
The Wall Street Journal. (2018, Apr 27). From phonographs to spotify: A brief history of the music industry. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bVketPj5to
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Adamczyk, A. (2020, July 14). Minimum wage workers cannot afford rent in any U.S. state. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/14/minimum-wage-workers-cannot-afford-rent-in-any-us-state.html
Bhattarai, A. (2024, July 29). More of America’s homeless are clocking into jobs each day. Washinton Post. https://wapo.st/4cZ2vvU
Gan, V. (2019, July 20). My seventh grade science teacher showed us a moon landing hoax TV special. Slate. https://slate.com/technology/2019/07/fox-moon-landing-hoax-conspiracy-theory-tv-special.html
Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath. Presented by Leah Remini, Mike Rinder, 2016-2019. No Seriously Productions, The Intellectual Property Corporation.
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Schwartz, K. (2019, July 20). Millions still believe the 1969 moon landing was a hoax. Voice of America (VOA News). https://www.voanews.com/a/usa_millions-still-believe-1969-moon-landing-was-hoax/6172262.html
Stamped from the Beginning. (2023). Directed by Roger Ross Williams. Netflix.com
Stonewall Uprising. (2010). Directed by Kate Davis, David Heilbroner. PBS.org, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/stonewall/.
Stories, R. (2017, March 13). Evicted: The Hidden Homeless (BAFTA WINNING DOCUMENTARY). Real Stories. https://youtu.be/p_XBgGEZwpk?si=oZdNWxa6RCTv-Bfy
Than, K. (2009, July 20). Apollo 11 hoax photos: 8 moon-landing myths busted. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/apollo-11-hoax-photos--8-moon-landing-myths-busted
The Vow. (2020-2022). HBO Documentary Films, The Othrs.
Three Girls. Directed by Philippa Lowthorpe, BBC Studios, Studio Lambert, 2017. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08rgd5n
design ethics
Agency Is the Highest Level of Personal Competence. (March 27 2022). Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/getting-proactive/202203/agency-is-the-highest-level-personal-competence
Anthony Dukes, Y. Z. (2019, February 28). Why Is Customer Service So Bad? Because It’s Profitable. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2019/02/why-is-customer-service-so-bad-because-its-profitable
Based on Richardson et al. 2023, Steffen et al. 2015, and Rockström et al. (2023). Planetary boundaries. Stockholm Resilience Center. https://www.stockholmresilience.org/research/planetary-boundaries.html
Gettleman, J. (2015, January 25). Meant to Keep Malaria Out, Mosquito Nets Are Used to Haul Fish In. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/25/world/africa/mosquito-nets-for-malaria-spawn-new-epidemic-overfishing.html
Haslem, N. (2017, April 17). Why it’s so offensive when we call people animals. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/why-its-so-offensive-when-we-call-people-animals-76295
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Katherine Richardson, X. B. (2023, September 19). What are planetary boundaries and why should we care. https://theconversation.com/what-are-planetary-boundaries-and-why-should-we-care-213762
Malaria innovation: new nets, old challenges. (2023). Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 101(10), 622–623. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.23.021023
Moore JW. What Is the Sense of Agency and Why Does it Matter? Front Psychol. 2016 Aug 29;7:1272. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01272. PMID: 27621713; PMCID: PMC5002400.
O’Neil, C. (2022). Weapons of math destruction: How big data increases inequality and threatens democracy. Allen Lane.
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Peter D. Hutchinson, Kelly Nyks, Jared P. Scott. (2015, April 18). Requiem for the American Dream with Noam Chomsky. https://youtu.be/WEnv5I8Aq4I?si=GwtdYp3D_UHp6N_q
Richardson, K., Steffen, W., Lucht, W., Bendtsen, J., Cornell, S. E., Donges, J. F., Drüke, M., Fetzer, I., Bala, G., von Bloh, W., Feulner, G., Fiedler, S., Gerten, D., Gleeson, T., Hofmann, M., Huiskamp, W., Kummu, M., Mohan, C., Nogués-Bravo, D., … Rockström, J. (2023). Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries. Science Advances, 9(37), eadh2458. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh2458
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Understanding Personal Agency. (March 21 2017). Philosophical Therapist. https://philosophicaltherapist.com/2017/03/21/understanding-personal-agency/
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Wikipedia contributors. Agency (psychology). Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agency_(psychology)&oldid=1278038563
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fantasy
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Ascher, R. (2021, January 31). A Glitch in the Matrix. Magnolia Pictures.
Boissoneault, L. (2017, August 31). A Brief History of Book Burning, From the Printing Press to Internet Archives. Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/brief-history-book-burning-printing-press-internet-archives-180964697/
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Campbell, D. (2003, May 19). Matrix films blamed for series of murders by obsessed fans. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/may/19/usa.filmnews
Can it happen here? – the return of book-banning and burning in the United States. (2022, August 28). The Free Speech Project. https://freespeechproject.georgetown.edu/can-it-happen-here-the-return-of-book-banning-and-burning-in-the-united-states/
Cheatle, J. (2017, June 10). The Matrix link to Washington D.C. sniper attacks examined on CopyCat Killers. Monsters and Critics. https://www.monstersandcritics.com/tv/the-matrix-link-to-washington-d-c-sniper-attacks-examined-on-copycat-killers/
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Harris, E. A., & Alter, A. (2023, September 21). Book bans are rising sharply in public libraries. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/21/books/book-ban-rise-libraries.html
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Natanson, H. (2022, March 22). Schools nationwide are quietly removing books from their libraries. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2022/03/22/school-librarian-book-bans-challenges/
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Smith, T. (2023, May 4). Library funding becomes the “nuclear option” as the battle over books escalates. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2023/05/04/1173274834/book-bans-library-funding-missouri-texas-ashcroft
Study Finds No Evidence That More Violent, Difficult Video Games Spur Aggression. (2019, August 5). Association for Psychological Science. https://www.psychologicalscience.org/publications/observer/obsonline/video-game-mechanics-aggression.html
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garbage-in
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Labelers training AI say they’re overworked, underpaid and exploited by big American tech companies. (2024, November 24). In 60 Minutes. CBS. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/labelers-training-ai-say-theyre-overworked-underpaid-and-exploited-60-minutes-transcript/
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tools
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By design: John Manoogian IIIcategories and descriptions: Buster Bensonimplementation: TilmannR - This file was derived from: The Cognitive Bias Codex - 180+ biases, designed by John Manoogian III (jm3).png:, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=69756809
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Wilson, J. F. (2023, January 25). Death and dying: how different cultures deal with grief and mourning. The Conversation. http://theconversation.com/death-and-dying-how-different-cultures-deal-with-grief-and-mourning-197299
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Yong, E. (2012, April 23). What are you looking at? People follow each other’s gazes, but without a tipping point. Discover Magazine. https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/what-are-you-looking-at-people-follow-each-others-gazes-but-without-a-tipping-point
reality adhesion
30 years on, South Africa still dismantling racism and apartheid’s legacy. (2024, April 17). Ohchr.org. https://www.ohchr.org/en/stories/2024/04/30-years-south-africa-still-dismantling-racism-and-apartheids-legacy
Abrams, A. (2017). The psychology of hate: why do we hate? Psychology Today. https://doi.org/10.1037/10930-000
Anti-Defamation League. (2023). Year in Review: Anti-LGBTQ+ Hate & Extremism Incidents, 2022 – 2023. https://www.adl.org/resources/report/year-review-anti-lgbtq-hate-extremism-incidents-2022-2023
Bennett, G., Norris, C., & Hastings, D. (2023, August 31). How the rise of anti-LGBTQ+ hate and violence is impacting the community. PBS News. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/how-the-rise-of-anti-lgbtq-hate-and-violence-is-impacting-the-community
Fischer, A., Halperin, E., Canetti, D., & Jasini, A. (2018). Why we hate. Emotion Review: Journal of the International Society for Research on Emotion, 10(4), 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073917751229
Israel’s Apartheid Against Palestinians. (2022, February 1). Amnesty.org. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2022/02/israels-system-of-apartheid/
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Wikipedia contributors. Allegations of apartheid by country. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allegations_of_apartheid_by_country&oldid=1286571889
Wikipedia contributors. Hate crime. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hate_crime&oldid=1286812906
response
Dix, M. (2021, January 19). 10 experiences you’ll have as you build your meditation practice. DoYou; Doyou Media. https://www.doyou.com/10-experiences-youll-have-as-you-build-your-meditation-practice/
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What does meditation feel like? Sensations experiences (with examples). (2020, December 24). Mindworks Meditation & Buddhist Path. https://mindworks.org/blog/what-does-meditation-feel-like/
safety
5 dangerous pollutants you’re breathing in every day. (2021, November 2). United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/5-dangerous-pollutants-youre-breathing-every-day
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Anderson, L. V. (2016, August 25). U. Chicago sent incoming freshmen a letter decrying safe spaces and trigger warnings. Slate. https://slate.com/human-interest/2016/08/the-university-of-chicago-sent-incoming-freshmen-a-letter-decrying-safe-spaces-and-trigger-warnings.html
Baldor, L. (2025, April 1). Naval Academy removes nearly 400 books from library in new DEI purge. AP News. https://apnews.com/article/military-academies-dei-hegseth-trump-ba9731f24b4eb4bd9c02b568209f97af
Bush, E. (2025, April 2). ACLU sues National Institutes of Health for ‘ideological purge’ of research projects. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/aclu-sues-national-institutes-health-ideological-purge-research-projec-rcna199360
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Chae, J., Kim, K., Kim, Y., Lim, G., Kim, D., & Kim, H. (2022). Ingroup favoritism overrides fairness when resources are limited. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 4560. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08460-1
Clark, T. R. (2021, June 21). What psychological safety is not. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/timothyclark/2021/06/21/what-psychological-safety-is-not/
Copp, T., Baldor, L., & Vineys, K. (2025, March 7). War heroes and military firsts are among 26,000 images flagged for removal in Pentagon’s DEI purge. AP News. https://apnews.com/article/dei-purge-images-pentagon-diversity-women-black-8efcfaec909954f4a24bad0d49c78074
Crockett, E. (2016, July 5). Safe spaces, explained. Vox. https://www.vox.com/2016/7/5/11949258/safe-spaces-explained
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Erin Gretzinger, Maggie Hicks, Christa Dutton, and Jasper Smith. (2025, April 22). Tracking Higher Ed’s Dismantling of DEI. The Chronicle of Higher Education. https://www.chronicle.com/article/tracking-higher-eds-dismantling-of-dei
Fanshawe, S. (2022, February 1). Why identity politics and safe spaces are being dangerously misused. HR Magazine. https://www.hrmagazine.co.uk/content/comment/why-identity-politics-and-safe-spaces-are-being-dangerously-misused/
Gallo, A. (2023, February 15). What is psychological safety? Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2023/02/what-is-psychological-safety
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Gedeon, J. (2025, February 27). Trump administration launches portal for reporting DEI in public schools. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/feb/27/trump-administration-dei-reporting-website
Grande, D. (2018, September 24). The neuroscience of feeling safe and connected. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/in-it-together/201809/the-neuroscience-feeling-safe-and-connected
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Manion, L. (2020, September 21). What safety means as a trauma survivor. NAMI; National Alliance on Mental Illness. https://www.nami.org/support/what-safety-means-as-a-trauma-survivor/
Mendelson, N. (2025, February 5). How to avoid being victimized by fearmongering. Hertelier. https://www.hertelier.com/post/how-to-avoid-being-victimized-by-fearmongering
Noam Chomsky, The University of Arizona. (2012, February 17). Education For Whom and For What? YouTube. https://youtu.be/e_EgdShO1K8?si=CRXpThppDE3kaACL
PBS News Hour. (2016, July 4). The history of politicians going way beyond the facts to court fear. PBS News. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/the-history-of-politicians-going-way-beyond-the-facts-to-court-fear
Pilat, D., & Krastev, S. In-group bias. The Decision Lab. https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/in-group-bias
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Roscoe, J. (2025, April 23). “they sometimes worry that I’m dead already:” deep-sea fishers fight for WI-fi. 404 Media. https://www.404media.co/they-sometimes-worry-that-im-dead-already-deep-sea-fishers-fight-for-wi-fi/
Saarinen, A., Jääskeläinen, I. P., Harjunen, V., Keltikangas-Järvinen, L., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., & Ravaja, N. (2021). Neural basis of in-group bias and prejudices: A systematic meta-analysis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 131, 1214–1227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.027
Smith, A. (2024). The wealth of nations. 1828 Press.
Stone, W. (2025, January 31). Trump administration purges websites across federal health agencies. NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2025/01/31/nx-s1-5282274/trump-administration-purges-health-websites
Tait, R. (2025, April 15). How Harvard’s pushback against Trump may embolden more US resistance. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/apr/15/harvard-pushback-trump-administration
The Massachusetts Legislative Task Force on Child Sexual Abuse Prevention. (2020). Recognizing physical, emotional and sexual abuse and neglect. Safe Kids Thrive. https://safekidsthrive.org/the-report/introduction/recognizing-abuse-its-effects/
Treene, A., Marsh, R., & Stracqualursi, V. (2025, February 2). Education Department employees placed on paid leave as part of Trump administration’s DEI purge. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2025/02/02/politics/education-department-employees-dei-purge/index.html
Types and indicators of abuse. (2020, December). SCIE; Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE). https://www.scie.org.uk/safeguarding/adults/introduction/types-and-indicators-of-abuse/
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Waugh, C. (2016, December 6). Safe Spaces and the politics of vulnerability. University of Leeds, Center for Interdisciplinary Gender Studies. https://gender-studies.leeds.ac.uk/safe-spaces-and-the-politics-of-vulnerability/
Wikipedia contributors. Solipsism. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solipsism&oldid=1283266817
trauma
Ajeen R, Ajeen D, Wisdom JP, Greene JA, Lepage T, Sjoelin C, Melvin T, Hagan TE, Hunter KF, Peters A, Mercer R, Brancu M. The impact of trauma-informed design on psychological well-being in homeless shelters. Psychol Serv. 2023 Aug;20(3):680-689. doi: 10.1037/ser0000724. Epub 2022 Nov 3. PMID: 36326660.
Eggleston, M. (2017, October 18). Trauma-informed website resources —. Melissa Eggleston. https://www.melissaegg.com/blog/trauma-informed-website-resources
Every, K. (2023, July 26). Applying trauma-informed principles to user-centred design. Researchops-Community. https://medium.com/researchops-community/applying-trauma-informed-principles-to-user-centred-design-8b4e51c9ca49
Guhl, A. (2022, December 15). 5 principles of trauma-informed design. Neumannmonson.com. https://neumannmonson.com/blog/principles-trauma-informed-design
Nicole Design. (2024, January 8). Trauma informed design within the digital product (UI & UX) world. Medium. https://medium.com/@nicoledesign/trauma-informed-design-within-the-digital-product-ui-ux-world-5535d3ed2115
What is trauma-informed design? Trauma-Informed Housing. https://traumainformedhousing.poah.org/what-is-trauma-informed-design
trust
Chignell, A. (2018). The ethics of belief. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2018). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.
Dowell, D., Morrison, M., & Heffernan, T. (2015). The changing importance of affective trust and cognitive trust across the relationship lifecycle: A study of business-to-business relationships. Industrial Marketing Management, 44, 119–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.10.016
Dunn JR, Schweitzer ME. Feeling and believing: the influence of emotion on trust. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005 May;88(5):736-48. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.88.5.736. PMID: 15898872.
Dunn, J., Ruedy, N. E., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2012). It hurts both ways: How social comparisons harm affective and cognitive trust. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 117(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.08.001
Jannazzo, E. S. (2022, October 3). Please, do not trust your feelings; Instead, honor them, and hold them from a position of wisdom and power. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-full-spectrum/202210/please-do-not-trust-your-feelings
O’Connor, C., Goldberg, S., & Goldman, A. (2024). Social Epistemology. In E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (Eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2024). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.
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Wikipedia contributors. Trust (social science). Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trust_(social_science)&oldid=1284895622